Working in confined spaces introduces a set of challenges that demand careful consideration and specific safety measures. For workers and organizations, it’s crucial to distinguish between confined spaces and permit-required confined spaces (PRCS) to make sure of the proper application of safety protocols.

In this blog, we will discuss the differences between these two categories and shed light on the need for obtaining permits for confined spaces.

What is Confined Space?

A confined space is a physical space that:

  1. Is Large Enough for Entry and Work:A confined space is not designed for continuous occupancy but is large enough for workers to enter and perform specific tasks.

 

  1. Has Limited Entry and Exit Points:It has limited or restricted means of entry and exit, creating potential difficulties in emergencies.

 

  1. Is Not Designed for Continuous Occupancy:Unlike regular workspaces, a confined space is not intended for prolonged human occupancy due to its nature or design.

 

  1. Has the Potential for Hazardous Atmospheres:Confined spaces may contain or produce hazardous substances, such as gases, vapors, or dust, which can pose risks to workers.

 

  1. Poses Physical Hazards:Physical hazards in confined spaces may include engulfment, entrapment, or other risks associated with the specific nature of the space.

 

Examples of confined spaces include tanks, vessels, storage bins, and utility vaults. Due to the inherent risks, working in confined spaces requires specialized training, safety precautions, and monitoring to warrant the well-being of those entering these environments.

Exterior of a tank valve

20 Challenges of Working in Confined Spaces

Working in confined spaces poses numerous challenges that demand careful consideration and mitigation to guarantee the safety and well-being of individuals.

 

Here are 20 challenges associated with working in confined spaces:

 

  1. Limited Entry and Exit Points:Negotiating through confined spaces can be challenging due to restricted entry and exit points, increasing the risk during emergencies.

 

  1. Inadequate Ventilation:Poor air circulation in confined spaces can lead to a lack of oxygen or an accumulation of hazardous gases, posing respiratory risks to workers.

 

  1. Physical Constraints:Constricted spaces often impose physical constraints on workers, making movement difficult and increasing the challenges of performing tasks.

 

  1. Risk of Engulfment:Workers may face the risk of being engulfed by materials, liquids, or flowing substances in confined spaces, posing a significant hazard.

 

  1. Difficult Access:Limited access to confined spaces can complicate entry and exit, hindering rescue efforts and increasing the time taken to respond to emergencies.

 

  1. Exposure to Toxic Substances:Confined spaces may harbor toxic substances or gases, leading to potential exposure and adverse health effects for workers.

 

  1. Psychological Impact:The psychological stress of working in confined spaces, including feelings of claustrophobia, can contribute to mental health challenges.

 

  1. Communication Challenges:Effective communication becomes challenging due to limited space, making coordination between team members and supervisors more difficult.

 

  1. Temperature Extremes:Confined spaces may experience extreme temperatures, posing risks of heat stress or cold-related illnesses to workers.

 

  1. Risk of Falling Objects:The confined nature of the space may increase the likelihood of falling objects, posing a danger to workers below or in proximity.

Person working in a confined space

 

  1. Presence of Hazardous Substances:Confined spaces may contain hazardous substances or residues, requiring careful assessment and proper handling to avoid exposure.

 

  1. Rescue Difficulties:In the event of an emergency, rescuing workers from confined spaces can be challenging, requiring specialized training and equipment.

 

  1. Limited Visibility:Poor lighting conditions and the confined nature of the space may result in limited visibility, increasing the risk of accidents.

 

  1. Structural Hazards:Confined spaces may have structural hazards, such as unstable surfaces or materials, posing risks to workers’ safety.

 

  1. Equipment Limitations:The use of equipment in confined spaces can be challenging due to space constraints, requiring specialized tools and techniques.

 

  1. Confined Space Awareness:Lack of awareness about confined space hazards and safety protocols can contribute to accidents and injuries.

 

  1. Emergency Response Time:The confined nature of the space may impede quick emergency response times, affecting the effectiveness of rescue operations.

 

  1. Unpredictable Atmospheric Conditions:Changes in atmospheric conditions, such as the release of gases, can be unpredictable and pose risks to workers in confined spaces.

 

  1. Lack of Training:Workers without adequate training in confined space safety may not be aware of potential hazards and proper safety procedures.

 

  1. Inadequate Planning:Poor planning for confined space work, including insufficient risk assessments and emergency procedures, can lead to accidents and injuries.

 

Addressing these challenges requires a comprehensive understanding of confined space safety, thorough training, and strict adherence to safety protocols.

 

Grayscale photo of a water tank interior

 

How is Confined Space Different from Permit-Required Confined Space?

A confined space and a permit-required confined space (PRCS) differ primarily in the level of potential hazards associated with each. Here are 10 key distinctions:

 

  1. Hazard Evaluation:
    • Confined Space:It may have some inherent risks but doesn’t necessarily contain hazards that could result in serious injury or death.
    • Permit-Required Confined Space:Contains or has the potential to contain one or more hazards, necessitating a more thorough hazard assessment.

 

  1. Entry Requirements:
    • Confined Space:Generally requires safety precautions but may not demand a formal entry permit.
    • Permit-Required Confined Space:Entry is strictly regulated and necessitates a permit outlining specific safety measures.

 

  1. Atmospheric Hazards:
    • Confined Space:May have acceptable air quality.
    • Permit-Required Confined Space:Likely to have, or potential for, atmospheric hazards like toxic gases or insufficient oxygen levels.

 

  1. Continuous Monitoring:
    • Confined Space:Monitoring may be necessary, but continuous monitoring is not always a prerequisite.
    • Permit-Required Confined Space:Continuous monitoring of atmospheric conditions is typically mandatory during entry.

 

  1. Training Requirements:
    • Confined Space:Workers need awareness training but not necessarily as comprehensive as for permit-required spaces.
    • Permit-Required Confined Space:Rigorous training courses are required, covering potential hazards, emergency procedures, and proper use of protective equipment.

 

  1. Entry Procedures:
    • Confined Space:Entry procedures are less stringent.
    • Permit-Required Confined Space:Specific entry procedures must be followed, and documented in a permit.

 

  1. Communication Protocols:
    • Confined Space:Communication protocols may be less formalized.
    • Permit-Required Confined Space:Strict communication procedures are mandated, including the use of attendants and regular check-ins.

 

  1. Rescue Requirements:
    • Confined Space:Rescue plans may be less detailed.
    • Permit-Required Confined Space:A comprehensive rescue plan, including procedures and equipment, is a critical component.

 

  1. Written Permit:
    • Confined Space:Typically doesn’t require a written permit for entry.
    • Permit-Required Confined Space:Entry necessitates a written permit specifying safety measures.

 

  1. Risk Level:
  • Confined Space:Generally considered lower risk.
  • Permit-Required Confined Space:Higher risk due to the potential presence of severe hazards.

two PPE-suited labors sitting on a bench

The Need for Confined Space Training

While both confined spaces and permit-required confined spaces require attention to safety, the latter demands a more comprehensive approach due to the heightened risks involved. Proper training is instrumental in making certain that workers understand the unique challenges associated with each type of space.

 

1. Identification of Confined Spaces:

  • Confined Space:Training should focus on recognizing confined spaces in the workplace.
  • Permit-Required Confined Space:Workers must be adept at identifying spaces requiring permits and understanding the associated risks.

 

2. Risk Assessment:

  • Confined Space:Basic risk assessment for inherent dangers.
  • Permit-Required Confined Space:Thorough hazard evaluation, emphasizing atmospheric testing, and potential hazards like engulfment or entrapment.

 

3. Atmospheric Testing:

  • Confined Space:Awareness of the need for air quality monitoring.
  • Permit-Required Confined Space:Comprehensive training on continuous atmospheric testing, interpretation of results, and the use of gas detection equipment.

 

4. Proper Entry Procedures:

  • Confined Space:Understanding entry and exit procedures.
  • Permit-Required Confined Space:Detailed entry procedures, including permit acquisition, equipment checks, and communication protocols.

 

5. Personal Protective Equipment (PPE):

  • Confined Space:Awareness of basic PPE requirements.
  • Permit-Required Confined Space:Thorough training on selecting and using specific PPE based on identified hazards.

 

6. Communication Protocols:

  • Confined Space:Basic communication principles.
  • Permit-Required Confined Space:Strict adherence to communication protocols, including the use of attendants and regular check-ins.

: Person standing as a watch at the exterior of a tunnel

7. Rescue Planning:

  • Confined Space:Understanding the importance of rescue plans.
  • Permit-Required Confined Space:Comprehensive rescue planning, including identifying rescue equipment and procedures.

 

8. Emergency Response:

  • Confined Space:Basic emergency response procedures.
  • Permit-Required Confined Space:In-depth training on responding to emergencies, including coordination with emergency services.

 

9. Training Frequency:

  • Confined Space:Periodic refresher courses.
  • Permit-Required Confined Space:Regular and frequent training sessions to reinforce knowledge and address updates in safety protocols.

 

10. Documentation:

  • Confined Space:Basic record-keeping of training sessions.
  • Permit-Required Confined Space:Thorough documentation of all training activities, permits, and emergency response drills.

 

 

Metro Safety Training, Your Partner in Confined Space Training

Navigating confined spaces and permit-required confined spaces requires a nuanced understanding of their differences and the associated safety protocols.

 

At Metro Safety Training, we take pride in being your dedicated partner in providing comprehensive confined space training. From hazard awareness to obtaining permits for confined spaces, our programs equip individuals and teams with the knowledge and skills needed to operate safely in these challenging environments.

 

If your organization seeks to upskill employees with necessary workplace safety knowledge, then contact us. Enroll in our OFA Level 2 training, confined space training, or fall protection training today.